Pakistan Studies · Oct / Nov 2020 · Paper 11 · Question 4
0448
As printed in the paper
Show the answer and mark scheme
4(a)[4]
Describe the OIC.
Target: AO1
One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content
named the Organisation of Islamic Countriesthe first summit was held in Morocco [1] and OIC formed in 1969 [1]24 Muslim nations attended [1] including Pakistan [1]name of any one of the other 23 member countries [1]the Organisation of Islamic Conference charter adopted [1] in 1972 [1]the Conference was held in Lahore [1] in 1974 [1]attended by Yasser Arafat [1] with 35 leaders of other Islamic states [1]emphasising Pakistan’s importance in the Islamic world [1]the name and emblem were changed to Organisation of Islamic Cooperation [1] in 2011 [1]Other relevant responses should also be credited.
4(b)[7]
Explain why Ayub Khan came to power in 1958.
Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.
Indicative content
there were many prime ministers between 1956–1958there was a famine/floodsEast Pakistan’s politicians wanted more participation in governmentthe country needed greater stability at that timeIskander Mirza had lost the support of many of the leading politicians Other relevant responses should also be credited.Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)
Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation
one explanation [5]
two explanations or one developed explanation [6]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/description
Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
(1 mark per identification/description)
Level 1 (1 mark): General answer
Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
4(c)[14]
‘Pakistan has had good relations with the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth since 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.
Indicative content
May agree that Pakistan has had good relations with the United Kingdom (UK) and the Commonwealth since 1947:
Post-partition Britain facilitated Pakistan to function independentlyUK backed Pakistan in the Afghanistan-Russia conflictUK gave £30 million aid to help Afghan refugees in Pakistanthe British Prime Minister was the first Western leader to visit in 1981there have been good trade links between Pakistan and the UKUK gave £16 million to help refugees in Balochistan and the NWFPPakistan was a Commonwealth member until 1971political and economic support received from the Commonwealththe ‘Colombo Plan’ was established in 1950 to provide aidPakistan re-joined the Commonwealth in 1989Counter arguments might include:
The Commonwealth did not always give political supportThe Commonwealth did not support the policy of military rulePakistan questioned British involvement in the Suez conflictLack of UK support in the 1965 conflictUK recognition of Bangladesh in 1971Pakistan left the Commonwealth in protestLevel of response, Table 2: used to mark the part (c) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation and an ability to analyse and evaluate historical events (AO1, AO2)
Level 5 (13–14 marks): Explanation with evaluation/judgement
explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/judgement supported
by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [13]
explanation at the top of Level 4 with a developed evaluation/judgement
supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [14]
Level 4 (10–12 marks): Explanation of both sides of the issue
one explanation of each side of the issue [10]
two explanations or one developed explanation of one side of the issue
and an explanation of the other side of the issue [11]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side
of the issue [12]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 3 (7–9 marks): Explanation of one side of the issue
one explanation [7]
two explanations or one developed explanation [8]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [9]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (3–6 marks): Identification/description of the issue
Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual
knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)
Level 1 (1–2 marks): General answer
Valid general comment(s) lacking specific subject knowledge (1 mark per
general comment)
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
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