Pakistan Studies · May / June 2020 · Paper 21 · Question 4

Fruit A = date

Fruit B = mango

Fruit C = apricot

3 @ 1 mark

Ideas such as:

In east/central Sindh;

South west Balochistan;

East of river Indus etc.

3 @ 1 mark

Ideas such as:

B is in two provinces whereas C is in one/B is in Punjab and Sindh whereas C is in Balochistan;

B is further north and south than C;

B is further east than C/C is further west than B;

C is located over the border in another country whereas B is not; etc. 2 @ 1 mark

Temperature; (frost-free/humid and hot/temperature range 27–29 °C); Rainfall; (average annual rainfall 850–1050 mm required);

Soil; (deep/at least 50 cm/fertile/loamy/well-drained/high water holding capacity);

Sunshine; (high number of sunshine hours required).

Note: One mark for identification of appropriate idea and a further mark for development (in parentheses).

Note: Max 2 marks if no development.

2 @ 2 marks

Farming for own use/to meet the needs of the family/not for sale

1 @ 1 mark

Human inputs

Draft power;

Equipment/examples;

Fertiliser;

Irrigation;

Labour;

Seeds;

Natural inputs

Climate/examples;

Manure;

Seeds;

Soil type;

Topography/relief;

Water availability.

Note: do not double credit ‘seeds’.

4 @ 1 mark

Ideas such as:

May not grow enough food to eat/only small amounts grown;

May not produce enough surplus crop to sell/earn money;

Labour intensive;

Reliant on the weather/crop could fail; etc.

2 @ 1 mark

Levels marking

Level 1 (1–2 marks)

Simple point referring to one view (1)

Simple points referring to any view (2)

Level 2 (3–4 marks)

Developed point referring to one view (3)

Developed points referring to both views (4)

Level 3 (5–6 marks)

Developed points referring to both views with evaluation or relevant example (5)

Developed points referring to both views with evaluation and relevant example (6)

Content Guide

Answers are likely to refer to:

Strategies to increase agricultural production

Ways waterlogging and salinity is being overcome/improved;

Irrigation systems;

Mechanisation;

Improved seeds/examples/HYVs;

Loans for farmers;

Education/training;

Modernisation; etc.

Strategies may not always succeed because

Programmes may be restricted to specific areas/not nationwide;

Climate/relief may reduce effectiveness of strategies in some areas; Many farmers use traditional methods;

Some farmers cannot afford to take loans;

Mechanisation may lead to unemployment; etc.