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Pakistan Studies · Oct / Nov 2016 · Paper 1 · Question 3

2059

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  • 3(a)[4]

    Describe what happened at Lucknow in 1916. [4]

    Reward each correct statement with 1 mark. 2 marks can be awarded for a developed statement. Candidates might refer to:

    Congress agreed to concessions with Muslim League – right to separate electorates, 1/3 of seats in Councils
    Both wanted more seats in Councils, protection of minorities, provinces to have autonomy, proposals to be binding on British
    First time joint agreement, Congress accepted some form of partition needed, Home Rule seemed a possibility and Muslim League realised they needed to work with Congress.

  • 3(b)[7]

    Why did the Khilafat Movement emerge? LEVEL 1: Simple statement [1]

    Because of WW1 LEVEL 2: Identifies reasons [2–4] The Muslims thought Turkey would be split up LEVEL 3: Explains reasons [5–7]

    Muslims held the Caliphate of Turkey in high regard and were not prepared to see Turkey split up after the war.
    They expressed their views to the British government during the war who promised that no harm would be done to the Caliphate.
    After the war ended, reports from Europe suggested that the British and French wanted to punish the Turks for their support of the Germans.
    As a result, the Khilafat Movement was founded.

  • 3(c)[14]

    Was the partition of Bengal the main reason for the formation of the Muslim League in 1906? Give reasons for your answer. LEVEL 1: Simple statement [1–2] LEVEL 2: Identifies reasons for partition [3–6] The partition caused resentment amongst the Hindus LEVEL 3: Explains the partition of Bengal reason OR other reasons [7–10] LEVEL 4: Explains the partition of Bengal reason AND other reasons [9–13] Partition of Bengal

    Hindus protested against the partition of Bengal - Muslims saw this as a sign of the influence the Hindus had over the British
    The Muslims started to think about their own survival and political representation
    Muslims were also increasingly aware that their political rights would not be advanced if they continued to rely on the Indian National Congress
    By not organising a Muslim group they would continue to be disorganised and disunited over the partition. Other reasons
    The growth of a better understanding between the British and Muslims that was reflected in the Simla Declaration in 1905
    In 1905, a new Liberal government had taken office that seemed likely to make changes in political representation, so Muslims felt that they needed their own political party
    The Congress was seen as an organisation which would only advance Hindu views as it demanded that India should be treated as a cultural and political whole and Hindi should be declared the official language
    They did not feel they had the same influence as Congress with the British
    The growth of extreme Hindu nationalist groups which demanded that Muslims be forcibly converted to Hinduism. LEVEL 5: As Level 4 – also produces a judgement or evaluation [14]
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