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Pakistan Studies · May / June 2025 · Paper 11 · Question 4

0448

As printed in the paper

Show the answer and mark scheme

  • 4(a)[4]

    Describe the main features of Sheikh Mujib’s Six Points.

    Target: AO1

    One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content

    there should be a directly elected government
    central government to control defence and foreign policy (1), all other decisions to be made at provincial level (1)
    there should be separate currencies and/or financial policies for East and West Pakistan
    the provinces should tax their people (1) and send a share to the federal government (1)
    the federal government should not tax people
    each province should set up its own trade agreements with other countries (1) and control the money spent/made through this trade (1)
    each province should have its own troops

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

  • 4(b)[7]

    Explain why Zia-ul-Haq faced challenges during the 1980s. Target: AO1, AO2

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

    Indicative content

    it became harder to maintain law and order
    the provinces became more difficult to administer
    there was increasing discontent in Sindh
    there was an explosion at the Ojhri Camp arms depot
    Islamisation was opposed by some

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

    Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B

    Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)

    Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation

    one explanation [5]
    two explanations or one developed explanation [6]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/description

    Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)

    Level 1 (1 mark): General answer

    Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge

    Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response

  • 4(c)[14]

    ‘Pakistan has had good relations with the UK since 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

    Target: AO1, AO2

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

    Indicative content

    May agree that Pakistan has had good relations with the UK since 1947:

    British personnel remained in Pakistan after partition to assist with the transition to an independent state
    Pakistan was a Commonwealth member until 1971
    Britain gave support to Pakistan in the Afghanistan-Russia conflict
    Britain gave £30 million aid to help Afghan refugees in Pakistan
    the British Prime Minister was the first western leader to visit in 1981
    trade links between Pakistan and Britain are strong
    Britain gave £16 million to help refugees in Balochistan and the NWFP counter-arguments might include:
    Pakistan questioned British involvement in the Suez Canal in 1956
    Britain has not provided support during disputes with India
    Pakistan did not agree with the position taken by Britain over Bangladesh in 1971

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

    Level of response, Table 2: used to mark the part (c) questions in Section B

    Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation and an ability to analyse and evaluate historical events (AO1, AO2)

    Level 5 (13–14 marks): Explanation with evaluation/judgement

    explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [13]
    explanation at the top of Level 4 with a developed evaluation/judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [14]

    Level 4 (10–12 marks): Explanation of both sides of the issue

    one explanation of each side of the issue [10]
    two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [11]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [12]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 3 (7–9 marks): Explanation of one-side of the issue

    one explanation [7]
    two explanations or one developed explanation [8]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [9]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 2 (3–6 marks): Identification/description of the issue

    Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)

    Level 1 (1–2 marks): General answer

    Valid general comment(s) lacking specific subject knowledge (1 mark per general comment)

    Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response

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