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Pakistan Studies · May / June 2024 · Paper 11 · Question 4

0448

As printed in the paper

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  • 4(a)[4]

    Describe the ‘One Unit’ Scheme.

    Target: AO1

    One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content

    in 1954 (1) Muhammad Ali Bogra (1) had proposed that the four provinces and ten princely states within Pakistan should be joined together (1) to form West Pakistan (1)
    in 1955 (1) Iskander Mirza (1) passed an order unifying all West Pakistan in what became known as the ‘One Unit’ Scheme (1)
    Pakistan was divided into two wings, West and East Pakistan
    Mirza claimed that the unification would bring about greater efficiency (1) and a united country (1)

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

  • 4(b)[7]

    Explain why East Pakistan sought independence from West Pakistan in 1971.

    Target: AO1, AO2

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

    Indicative content

    East Pakistan felt that:

    the long distance from West Pakistan meant it was not treated as an equal part of Pakistan
    the government introduced schemes such as the ‘One Unit policy’ to deny East Pakistan fair representation in the Assembly
    cultural and linguistic differences were not fully recognised
    it was under-represented in the Civil Service and the military
    government measures to boost the economy had favoured West Pakistan
    it did not benefit from the wealth created by the growing of jute
    the wealth gap and differences in health and education were growing
    it received insufficient relief following the 1970 cyclone
    the demands of the Awami League were not fully considered
    the results of the 1971 election were not accepted

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

    Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B

    Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)

    Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation

    one explanation [5]
    two explanations or one developed explanation [6]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/ description

    Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)

    Level 1 (1 mark): General answer

    Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge

    Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response

  • 4(c)[14]

    ‘Pakistan has had good relations with China since 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

    Target: AO1, AO2

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

    Indicative content

    May agree that Pakistan has had good relations with China since 1947:

    Pakistan gave support for China joining UN in 1952
    boundary issues between the two countries were settled in 1963
    trade developed in 1960s particularly Pakistani cotton – a $60 million long term interest free loan regarding import of machinery
    China permitted PIA to use any airport in 1963, despite opposition from USA
    increased numbers of visitors from China – journalists, engineers, scientists etc.
    China gave Pakistan full support during the 1965 war and military aid
    Post war in 1972 Bhutto visited China and supportive relations were reestablished
    in 1978 Karakoram Highway provided the first road link and opened the two countries up to trade and tourism
    Zia’s visit to China in 1986 and the signature of nuclear cooperation treaty emphasised the strength of the relationship

    Counter-arguments might include:

    the 1950s saw a cooling off when Pakistan supported pro-USA policies
    there was a border dispute in 1950s
    in 1958/9 Pakistan voted against China’s admission to UN and condemned military action in Tibet
    during the 1971 war, China was unable to offer as much support to Pakistan
    during 1990s China developed relations with other countries

    Other relevant responses should also be credited.

    Level of response, Table 2: used to mark the part (c) questions in Section B

    Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation and an ability to analyse and evaluate historical events (AO1, AO2)

    Level 5 (13–14 marks): Explanation with evaluation/ judgement

    explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [13]
    explanation at the top of Level 4 with a developed evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [14]

    Level 4 (10–12 marks): Explanation of both sides of the issue

    one explanation of each side of the issue [10]
    two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [11]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [12]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 3 (7–9 marks): Explanation of one-side of the issue

    one explanation [7]
    two explanations or one developed explanation [8]
    additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [9]

    Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge

    Level 2 (3–6 marks): Identification/ description of the issue

    Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)

    Level 1 (1–2 marks): General answer

    Valid general comment(s) lacking specific subject knowledge (1 mark per general comment)

    Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response

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