Pakistan Studies · May / June 2023 · Paper 11 · Question 5
0448
As printed in the paper
Show the answer and mark scheme
5(a)[4]
Describe the main features of the 1973 Constitution.
Target: AO1
One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content
it was introduced by Zulfikar Ali Bhuttothere were to be two houses, the Senate [1] and Assembly [1]the Assembly to be elected for five yearsmembers of the Senate to be elected from each of the four provincesPakistan to be a federal republic [1] with a parliamentary system of government [1]the Prime Minister to be head of governmentPakistan to be an Islamic Republic with Islam as the state religionthe Prime Minister and President to be Muslimfundamental human rights to be recognised [1], with the Supreme and High Courts to enforce these [1]the President became largely a figurehead [1] whose orders had to be signed by the Prime Minister [1]the Upper House (Senate) to be elected [1] and must not be dissolved [1]emergency powers are available for the governmentUrdu was re-confirmed as the national languageOther relevant responses should also be credited.
5(b)[7]
Explain why Pakistan decided to support the Palestinian cause. Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.
Indicative content
as part of the Ummah (worldwide Muslim community), Pakistan wanted to demonstrate solidarity with PalestiniansPakistan felt that it was their religious obligation to help the oppressed people around the worldPakistan promotes harmony and co-operation between Muslim nationssupport was offered as a result of the Israeli attack on the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem in 1969Pakistan condemned Israeli occupation of Palestinian landsPakistan, as chair of the Lahore Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) summit in 1974, reinforced Muslim support for the cause following the Arab-Israeli War in 1973Pakistan's involvement in the cause to demonstrate their influential position and status within the Islamic worldOther relevant responses should also be credited.
Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)
Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation
one explanation [5]two explanations or one developed explanation [6]additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/ description
Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)
Level 1 (1 mark): General answer
Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
5(c)[14]
To what extent was the ‘Co-operative Societies scandal’ the main reason for the dismissal of Nawaz Sharif’s government in 1993? Explain your answer.
Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.
Indicative content
May agree that the 'Cooperative Societies scandal' was the main reason:
the Cooperative Societies scandal broke in 1991there was alleged mismanagement of the Cooperative Societiesthe role of government in the scandal was questioned by sometwo million Pakistanis lost their savings; in Punjab 700 000 people lost all their savingsCounter-arguments might include:
the BCCI collapsed in 1991investors lost huge sums of money under the BCCI schemesome people questioned the role of the government in the BCCI collapsethe USA ended economic support when the Soviet-Afghan war endedUS aid ended during the dispute over Pakistan’s nuclear programmethere were problems associated with refugees from the Soviet-Afghan warOther relevant responses should also be credited.
Level of response, Table 2: used to mark the part (c) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation and an ability to analyse and evaluate historical events (AO1, AO2)
Level 5 (13–14 marks): Explanation with evaluation/ judgement
explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [13]explanation at the top of Level 4 with a developed evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [14]Level 4 (10–12 marks): Explanation of both sides of the issue
one explanation of each side of the issue [10]two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [11]additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [12]Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 3 (7–9 marks): Explanation of one-side of the issue
one explanation [7]two explanations or one developed explanation [8]additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [9]Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (3–6 marks): Identification/ description of the issue
Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)
Level 1 (1–2 marks): General answer
Valid general comment(s) lacking specific subject knowledge (1 mark per general comment)
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
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