Pakistan Studies 0448 May / June 2023 Paper 11 Question 4

4(a) Describe the U-2 incident. Target: AO1 One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content it happened in 1960 [1] at the height of the Cold War [1] it was a spy flight [1] over USSR [1] this particular U-2 plane was flown from the US base [1] at…

Pakistan Studies · May / June 2023 · Paper 11 · Question 4

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4(a)[4]
Describe the U-2 incident.
Target: AO1
One mark for each relevant point. Additional mark for supporting detail. Indicative content
it happened in 1960 [1] at the height of the Cold War [1]
it was a spy flight [1] over USSR [1]
this particular U-2 plane was flown from the US base [1] at Peshawar/in Pakistan [1]
the pilot Gary Powers [1] was shot down [1] and imprisoned [1]
the USSR was angry with Pakistan, threatening military action [1] and the relationship between the two countries deteriorated [1]
the USA could no longer use the airbase unless destination of the aircraft was known
Other relevant responses should also be credited.
4(b)[7]
Explain why Zia-ul-Haq introduced a programme of Islamisation. Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.
Indicative content
Zia-ul-Haq wanted a strong and stable government with Islamic values
he wanted to punish people for showing disrespect towards the Holy Prophet (pbuh)
he wanted an Islamic education to raise Islamic awareness amongst students
he also wanted to distribute some wealth to the poor through tax
he felt that previously little attention had been paid to Islamic laws Other relevant responses should also be credited.
Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)
Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation
one explanation [5]
two explanations or one developed explanation [6]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/ description
Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)
Level 1 (1 mark): General answer
Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
4(c)[14]
To what extent was the referral of the Kashmir issue to the United Nations important for the new state of Pakistan? Explain your answer. Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.
Indicative content
May agree that the referral of the Kashmir issue to the United Nations was important for the new state of Pakistan:
Pakistan joined the United Nations to draw their attention to Kashmir
the UN ordered a plebiscite to be held for all Kashmiris in 1948
a ceasefire was arranged in 1949 and a ceasefire line was agreed (now called the Line of Control (LoC))
the ceasefire line (Line of Control (LoC)) has been supervised by the UN since 1949
Counter-argument might include:
the Kashmir issue remained unresolved despite its referral
the plebiscite was never enforced
there have been further conflicts between Pakistan and India over the Kashmir issue
there have been disputes over the ceasefire line (Line of Control (LoC)) Other important issues:
Quaid-i-Azam Relief Fund created to help refugees
in July 1948 the new State Bank of Pakistan was set up
the new Pakistan Civil Service took control of the assets due to them
the Canal Water Dispute was temporarily agreed in 1948, and resolved in 1959
Other relevant responses should also be credited.
Level of response, Table 2: used to mark the part (c) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation and an ability to analyse and evaluate historical events (AO1, AO2)
Level 5 (13–14 marks): Explanation with evaluation/ judgement
explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [13]
explanation at the top of Level 4 with a developed evaluation/ judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge [14]
Level 4 (10–12 marks): Explanation of both sides of the issue
one explanation of each side of the issue [10]
two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [11]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [12]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 3 (7–9 marks): Explanation of one-side of the issue
one explanation [7]
two explanations or one developed explanation [8]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [9]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (3–6 marks): Identification/ description of the issue
Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)
Level 1 (1–2 marks): General answer
Valid general comment(s) lacking specific subject knowledge (1 mark per general comment)
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response

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