Pakistan Studies · May / June 2020 · Paper 11 · Question 2
0448
As printed in the paper
Show the answer and mark scheme
2(a)[4]
Who was Mir Qasim?
Level 1: One mark for each relevant point, two marks for a developed statement.
1–4 e.g.
Nawab of Bengal [1] in 1760 [1], succeeding Mir Jafar [1];With the support of EIC, he confiscated lands and wealth of people in Bengal to give to the British;Eventually he tried to stop British influence in Bengal;1764 Mir Qasim fought Clive at Buxar [1], but was defeated [1]. No evidence submitted or response does not address the question 02(b)[7]
Explain why Britain was able to expand into the subcontinent between 1750 and 1850.
Level 3: Explains reason(s)
5–7 (Five marks for one explanation, six marks for two explanations, seven marks for three explanations)
e.g.
The building of railways meant that soldiers could be transported more easily around the country to establish control. Trade also benefitted from good communications;The battles of Plassey and Buxar gave the British Bengal and favourable trading rights with the local nawabs. This provided new resources, which the British used to consolidate control;The British also introduced Governor-Generals into the provinces who administered their province on British lines, providing more control. This enabled further expansion.Level 2: Identifies reason(s)
2–4 (One mark for each identification)
e.g.
Railway construction allowed expansion;The battles of Plassey and Buxar extended British influence. Level 1: Simple statement1 (One mark for any simple statement)
e.g.
The British had control.No evidence submitted or response does not address the question 0
2(c)[14]
Were the policies of Aurangzeb the main reason for the decline of the Mughal Empire? Explain your answer.
Level 5: Explains with evaluation
14 (As top of Level 4 plus judgement / evaluation)
Level 4: Explains WHY the polices of Aurangzeb AND other reasons led to the decline of the Mughal Empire
9–13 (Two explanations, one Aurangzeb’s policies and one on other reasons, are worth nine marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 13 marks) e.g.
Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb introduced a tax on non-Muslims called the Jizya. He destroyed Hindu temples and tried to ban Hindu practices reducing his popularity and causing some insurgencies during his reign;Higher taxation was needed to pay for the cost of military campaigns such as the Deccan Wars increasing Aurangzeb’s unpopularity, which enabled opposition to his rule and the Mughal Empire to grow. Other reasonsAfter his death Mughal Emperors were renowned for living an extravagant lifestyle and spending money without regard to the effect on the economy of the Empire;The absence of a definite line of succession led to in-fighting amongst his successors which contributed to instability and the downfall of the Empire;The Marathas were skilful Hindu fighters who defeated a Mughal army in 1737. The Marathas took control of Delhi and the land eastwards towards Bengal. By 1760 the Mughals could do nothing to stop them;The Mughal forces and their equipment struggled to respond to the rapid expansion of the British into the sub-continent.Level 3: Explains WHY the polices of Aurangzeb OR other reasons led to the decline of the Mughal Empire
7–10 (One explanation is worth seven marks. Additional explanations awarded up to 10 marks)
See exemplars on L4
Level 2: Identifies/describes reason(s)
3–6 (One identification/description is worth three marks. Extra marks are awarded for additional identification/descriptions up to six marks) e.g.
Aurangzeb introduced the Jizya tax;The lack of a definite line of succession caused problems.Level 1: Simple statement(s)
1–2 e.g.
He was a strict ruler.No evidence submitted or response does not address the question 0
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