National income statistics
4.1What the syllabus asks of you
- meaning of national income
- measurement of national income: Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- measurement of national income: Gross National Income (GNI)
- measurement of national income: Net National Income (NNI)
- adjustment of measures from market prices to basic prices
- adjustment of measures from gross values to net values
Drill this topic
Every question on National income statistics, untimed, marked as you go.
Make a worksheet
Choose the years and how many questions, then print it with the answers on separate pages.
26 questions
1May / June 2026 · Paper 11 · Q16Show mark scheme →
Aadd indirect taxes, add subsidies
Badd indirect taxes, subtract subsidies
Csubtract indirect taxes, add subsidies
Dsubtract indirect taxes, subtract subsidies
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2May / June 2026 · Paper 12 · Q16Show mark scheme →
AApplication of technology has enabled a smaller size of workforce to achieve greater productivity.
BDamage to the environment is often unquantified or even ignored.
CLand reclamation has created more urban space to overcome crowding.
DShortages in labour supplies have been overcome by international migration of labour.
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3May / June 2026 · Paper 12 · Q17Show mark scheme →
Aadd indirect taxes and add subsidies
Badd indirect taxes and deduct subsidies
Cdeduct indirect taxes and add subsidies
Ddeduct indirect taxes and deduct subsidies
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4May / June 2026 · Paper 13 · Q16Show mark scheme →
Abenefits paid to the unemployed
Bdividends paid to shareholders
Cprofits retained by companies
Drent paid to landlords
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5Oct / Nov 2025 · Paper 11 · Q16Show mark scheme →
A$500bn
B$550bn
C$650bn
D$700bn
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6Oct / Nov 2025 · Paper 13 · Q17Show mark scheme →
A$276bn
B$284bn
C$316bn
D$324bn
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7Oct / Nov 2025 · Paper 14 · Q20Show mark scheme →
Aincome from abroad
Bprofits of private sector businesses
Crent from the ownership of land
Dtransfer payments
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8May / June 2025 · Paper 12 · Q20Show mark scheme →
A$570000
B$610000
C$640000
D$690000
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9May / June 2025 · Paper 13 · Q16Show mark scheme →
Apension paid to retired people
Bprofits made by firms
Crent paid to landlords
Dwages paid to nurses
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10Oct / Nov 2024 · Paper 12 · Q18Show mark scheme →
Acapital consumption and net property income from abroad
Bexpenditure taxes and capital consumption
Cnet property income from abroad and subsidies
Dsubsidies and expenditure taxes
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11Oct / Nov 2024 · Paper 13 · Q18Show mark scheme →
A170 000 | 15 000
B170 000 | 25 000
C150 000 | 15 000
D150 000 | 25 000
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12May / June 2024 · Paper 11 · Q16Show mark scheme →
Aincomes earned overseas were less than incomes sent overseas
Binflation has been accounted for in NNI but not in GNI
Cthe country's exports decreased
Dthere has been a net depreciation in the value of the country's fixed capital assets
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13Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 11 · Q17Show mark scheme →
Abenefits paid to the unemployed
Bdividends paid to shareholders
Cprofits retained by companies
Drent paid to landlords
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14Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 12 · Q20Show mark scheme →
A$75bn
B$85bn
C$110bn
D$115bn
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15Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 13 · Q22Show mark scheme →
Adividends paid to shareholders
Bovertime payments
Crents from government-owned houses
Dwelfare benefit payments
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16Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 32 · Q15Show mark scheme →
Aa fall in interest rates on savings accounts
Ba fall in the prices of imported goods
Ca decrease in government spending
Dan increase in direct taxes
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17May / June 2023 · Paper 13 · Q21Show mark scheme →
AUS$2700bn
BUS$2800bn
CUS$2900bn
DUS$3000bn
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18Feb / March 2023 · Paper 12 · Q16Show mark scheme →
A$19 billion
B$25 billion
C$31 billion
D$33 billion
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19Oct / Nov 2022 · Paper 31 · Q19Show mark scheme →
Aadd taxes, add subsidies
Badd taxes, subtract subsidies
Csubtract taxes, add subsidies
Dsubtract taxes, subtract subsidies
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20Oct / Nov 2022 · Paper 33 · Q19Show mark scheme →
AAn allowance for depreciation has to be made, because the NNI does not include output that replaces capital that has been used up.
BBoth GDP and NNI have to be calculated by the incomes method, because that is what NNI is measuring.
CDouble counting is not a problem if the conversion uses the output method, but it is when using the expenditure method.
DThe value of exports needs to be added, because exports generate income for citizens.
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21Feb / March 2022 · Paper 32 · Q19Show mark scheme →
Aa gift by a parent to her daughter as a deposit on an apartment
Bearnings of a part-time worker in a school dining room
Cinterest earned on savings accounts intended for retirement
Dprofits re-invested by a company to fund capital expenditure
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22Oct / Nov 2021 · Paper 31 · Q20Show mark scheme →
AThey want to avoid double counting.
BThey want to avoid the impact of inflation.
CThey want to find the value of the hidden economy.
DThey want to include indirect taxes and subsidies.
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23Oct / Nov 2021 · Paper 32 · Q24Show mark scheme →
A17 000
B19 000
C20 000
D21 000
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24May / June 2021 · Paper 31 · Q21Show mark scheme →
ADepreciation does not need to be subtracted from GDP figures because it has already been taken into account by firms.
BGDP greatly overstates the true value of output because some of the profit it includes is supernormal profit.
CGDP is a better measure of living standards than GNP because net property income from abroad is not available for citizens.
DGNP per capita ignores many important factors that affect citizens' living standards.
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25May / June 2021 · Paper 32 · Q19Show mark scheme →
Acapital consumption
Bgross fixed capital formation
Cnet property income from abroad
Dthe value of exports less imports
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26May / June 2021 · Paper 33 · Q21Show mark scheme →
ADepreciation does not need to be subtracted from GDP figures because it has already been taken into account by firms.
BGDP greatly overstates the true value of output because some of the profit it includes is supernormal profit.
CGDP is a better measure of living standards than GNP because net property income from abroad is not available for citizens.
DGNP per capita ignores many important factors that affect citizens' living standards.
Mark scheme