Characteristics of countries at different levels of development
11.4What the syllabus asks of you
- population growth and structure: measurement and causes of changes in birth rate, death rate, infant mortality and net migration
- population growth and structure: optimum population
- population growth and structure: level of urbanisation
- income distribution: calculation of Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve analysis
- economic structure: employment composition: primary, secondary and tertiary sectors
- economic structure: pattern of trade at different levels of development
Drill this topic
Every question on Characteristics of countries at different levels of development, untimed, marked as you go.
Make a worksheet
Choose the years and how many questions, then print it with the answers on separate pages.
23 questions
1May / June 2026 · Paper 31 · Q8Show mark scheme →
Athe Kuznets curve
Bthe Laffer curve
Cthe Lorenz curve
Dthe Phillips curve
Mark scheme
2May / June 2026 · Paper 32 · Q29Show mark scheme →
AThe proportion of the workforce employed in the service sector will increase.
BThe average age will decrease.
CThe birth rate will increase.
DThe occupational mobility of labour will decrease.
Mark scheme
3May / June 2026 · Paper 33 · Q8Show mark scheme →
Athe Kuznets curve
Bthe Laffer curve
Cthe Lorenz curve
Dthe Phillips curve
Mark scheme
4May / June 2025 · Paper 34 · Q28Show mark scheme →
Ahigh death rate and low levels of productivity
Bhigh gross domestic product and low infant mortality
Clow birth rate and a large proportion of income from primary industries
Dlow exports of capital and a large tertiary sector
Mark scheme
5Feb / March 2025 · Paper 32 · Q27Show mark scheme →
Aan improvement in labour productivity
Ban improvement in the quality of capital and technology
Can increase in birth rate and a fall in death rate
Dan increase in the availability of natural resources
Mark scheme
6Oct / Nov 2024 · Paper 33 · Q25Show mark scheme →
APopulation has increased.
BState of technology has improved.
CStock of capital has increased.
DVolume of productive resources in use has increased.
Mark scheme
7Oct / Nov 2024 · Paper 33 · Q30Show mark scheme →
Aprimary sector 15%, secondary sector 40%, tertiary sector 45%
Bprimary sector 30%, secondary sector 40%, tertiary sector 30%
Cprimary sector 35%, secondary sector 45%, tertiary sector 20%
Dprimary sector 45%, secondary sector 35%, tertiary sector 20%
Mark scheme
8May / June 2024 · Paper 31 · Q29Show mark scheme →
Aa rise in the birth rate
Ba lowering of the age of retirement
Ca rise in the stock of capital available in the country
Da decrease in the productivity of the country's industries
Mark scheme
9May / June 2024 · Paper 32 · Q29Show mark scheme →
AChina had the highest percentage of children who died in infancy.
BPeople in Hong Kong lived the longest.
CSingapore had the largest number of people aged over 16.
DThe population of Singapore was expected to fall in the next five years.
Mark scheme
10May / June 2024 · Paper 33 · Q29Show mark scheme →
Aa rise in the birth rate
Ba lowering of the age of retirement
Ca rise in the stock of capital available in the country
Da decrease in the productivity of the country's industries
Mark scheme
11Feb / March 2024 · Paper 32 · Q30Show mark scheme →
AA lower percentage of people will go to university.
BAverage life expectancy will rise.
CThe rate of population growth will increase.
DThe tertiary sector will decline in importance.
Mark scheme
12Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 32 · Q25Show mark scheme →
Asaving ratio: low; capital-output ratio: low
Bsaving ratio: high; capital-output ratio: low
Csaving ratio: low; capital-output ratio: high
Dsaving ratio: high; capital-output ratio: high
Mark scheme
13Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 33 · Q27Show mark scheme →
Ahigh, high, high
Bhigh, high, low
Chigh, low, low
Dlow, high, low
Mark scheme
14May / June 2023 · Paper 31 · Q16Show mark scheme →
AIndia is more likely to have lower indirect taxes and a public sector education system than Norway.
BIndia is more likely to have a progressive income tax system and means tested benefits than Norway.
CNorway is more likely to have a progressive tax system and public sector pensions than India.
DNorway is likely to have a higher percentage of tax generated from indirect taxes and privately funded pensions than India.
Mark scheme
15May / June 2023 · Paper 31 · Q29Show mark scheme →
AThe least developed regions have the largest urban populations, actual or predicted, in both years.
BThe more developed regions have the lowest growth rate of urbanisation between 2010 and 2050.
CThe type of region with the greatest total population in 2010 is predicted to have the greatest rate of population growth by 2050.
DThe type of region with the greatest urban population in 2010 is predicted to have the highest level of urbanisation by 2050.
Mark scheme
16May / June 2023 · Paper 31 · Q30Show mark scheme →
AX divided by (X plus Y)
B(X plus Y) divided by X
C(X plus Y) divided by Y
DY divided by (X plus Y)
Mark scheme
17May / June 2023 · Paper 33 · Q29Show mark scheme →
AThe least developed regions have the largest urban populations, actual or predicted, in both years.
BThe more developed regions have the lowest growth rate of urbanisation between 2010 and 2050.
CThe type of region with the greatest total population in 2010 is predicted to have the greatest rate of population growth by 2050.
DThe type of region with the greatest urban population in 2010 is predicted to have the highest level of urbanisation by 2050.
Mark scheme
18May / June 2022 · Paper 32 · Q28Show mark scheme →
AFewer schools and other resources for young people will be needed.
BMore facilities will be needed for older people.
CThere will be an ageing population.
DThe working population will tend to become a smaller percentage of the total population.
Mark scheme
19Oct / Nov 2021 · Paper 31 · Q27Show mark scheme →
Aratio of government debt to GDP high; average propensity to save high
Bratio of government debt to GDP high; average propensity to save low
Cratio of government debt to GDP low; average propensity to save high
Dratio of government debt to GDP low; average propensity to save low
Mark scheme
20May / June 2021 · Paper 31 · Q22Show mark scheme →
AA
BB
CC
DD
Mark scheme
21May / June 2021 · Paper 32 · Q22Show mark scheme →
AFinance was always the largest employer.
BLeisure had the fastest growth rate in employment.
CManufacturing was the only industry to show signs of decline.
DTotal employment in the four industries decreased over the period.
Mark scheme
22May / June 2021 · Paper 33 · Q22Show mark scheme →
AA
BB
CC
DD
Mark scheme
23Feb / March 2021 · Paper 32 · Q20Show mark scheme →
Aincrease / free / increase
Bincrease / students pay / abolish
Creduce / free / abolish
Dreduce / students pay / increase
Mark scheme