Extraction of metals

What the syllabus asks of you

• Describe the ease in obtaining metals from their ores, related to the position of the metal in the reactivity series
• Describe the extraction of iron from hematite in 4 State the symbol equations for the extraction of the blast furnace, limited to: iron from hematite (a) the burning of carbon (coke) to provide heat (a) C + O2 → CO2 and produce carbon dioxide (b) C + CO2 → 2CO (b) the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon (c) the reduction of iron(III) oxide by carbon monoxide monoxide (c) Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2 (d) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 (e) CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 (d) the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate / limestone to produce calcium oxide (e) the formation of slag Symbol equations are not required
• State that the main ore of aluminium is bauxite 5 Describe the extraction of aluminium from and that aluminium is extracted by electrolysis purified bauxite / aluminium oxide, including: (a) the role of cryolite (b) why the carbon anodes need to be regularly replaced (c) the reactions at the electrodes, including ionic half-equations Details of the purification of bauxite are not required