Biological molecules

What the syllabus asks of you

• List the chemical elements that make up: carbohydrates, fats and proteins
• State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: (a) starch, glycogen and cellulose from glucose (b) proteins from amino acids (c) fats and oils from fatty acids and glycerol
• Describe the use of: (a) iodine solution test for starch (b) Benedict’s solution test for reducing sugars (c) biuret test for proteins (d) ethanol emulsion test for fats and oils (e) DCPIP test for vitamin C
• Describe the structure of a DNA molecule: (a) two strands coiled together to form a double helix (b) each strand contains chemicals called bases (c) bonds between pairs of bases hold the strands together (d) the bases always pair up in the same way: A with T, and C with G (full names are not required)