Physics (AS & A Level) · Oct / Nov 2016 · Paper 42 · Question 14
9702
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Phosphorus-30 (30 15P) was the first artificial radioactive nuclide to be produced in a laboratory. This was achieved by bombarding aluminium-27 (27 13Al) with α-particles. A partial nuclear equation to represent this reaction is 27 13Al + α → 30 15P + Φ
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14(a)(i)[1]
He 4 2 or α 4 2 [1]
14(a)(ii)[1]
n 1 0 [1]
14(b)(i)[2]
∆m = (29.97830 +1.00867) – (26.98153 + 4.00260) = 30.98697 – 30.98413 = 2.84 × 10–3 u [2]
14(b)(ii)[2]
E = c2∆m or mc2 = (3.0 × 108) 2 × 2.84 × 10–3 × 1.66 × 10–27 = 4.2 × 10–13 J [2]
14(c)[2]
mass of products is greater than mass of Al plus α or reaction causes (net) increase in (rest) mass (of the system) α-particle must have at least this amount of kinetic energy [2]
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