Physics · May / June 2021 · Paper 41 · Question 5
0625
As printed in the paper
The question as text
Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of a liquid-in-glass thermometer. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100°C bulb glass liquid Fig. 5.1 The bulb of the thermometer is placed into a beaker of warm water. As the liquid expands, it moves along the tube.
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5(a)[2]
molecules / they speed up or gain kinetic energy
molecules move further apart or push others away
5(b)[2]
forces between liquid molecules weak(er than in solids)
less energy / work done to separate molecules or greater separation for same work done / same increase in energy
5(c)(i)[2]
greater sensitivity
volume increase (of liquid in second thermometer) is greater
or liquid moves a greater distance (for the same temperature increase)
5(c)(ii)[1]
smaller range and either of:
smaller temperature increase for liquid / meniscus to reach end of tubeexpands more / greater sensitivity and tube of same length5(d)(i)[1]
statement of problem (e.g. bridges buckle (in hot weather))
5(d)(ii)[2]
suggested solution to problem stated in 5(d)(i) (e.g. allow gaps at the ends of the bridge)
more detail (e.g. as the bridge expands the gaps close)
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