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Physics · Oct / Nov 2020 · Paper 42 · Question 11

0625

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  • 11(a)[2]

    nuclear fission – nucleus / atom splits (into two)

    AND

    nuclear fusion – two nuclei / atoms join together

    One from

    {nuclear fission –large(r) mass (number) OR heavy nuclei / atoms involved OR neutrons involved / emitted} AND

    nuclear fusion – small(er) mass (number) OR light nuclei / atoms involved OR no neutrons

    fission in a nuclear reactor AND fusion in Sun / stars
    fission produces very radioactive / long lasting waste
    fission makes lighter new elements AND fusion makes heavier new elements
    fission at normal p / T AND fusion at high p / T
    fusion produces more energy (than fission)

  • 11(b)(i)[2]

    longer half-life – radioactive substance active in body for a long time

    shorter half-life – might be insufficient time for investigation OR it takes time / hours for the tracer to spread round the body

  • 11(b)(ii)[3]

    proton numbers balance for equation

    expected answer : 42Mo → 43Tc + –1β

    all nucleon numbers correct

    correct proton and nucleon number for β-particle

  • 11(b)(iii)[1]

    any suitable use, e.g. sterilisation of equipment, treatment of cancer, gamma for diagnosis, radiotherapy

    NOT any link to X-rays

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