Pakistan Studies · May / June 2023 · Paper 11 · Question 1

0448

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Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow. 1

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1(a)[3]
According to Source A, Mir Jafar was unpopular as Nawab of Bengal. Identify three ways he was unpopular.
Target: AO4
Mir Jafar allowed the British 'to take important lands around Calcutta’
he made 'regular payments of huge sums of money to the British’
‘Mir Jafar's actions allowed the British to strengthen their trading position‘
he ‘almost brought about Bengal's economic collapse‘
Mir Jafar 'was accused of betraying his country and his people’
'Mir Jafar made an agreement with the British'
'his relationship with the British’
One mark for each relevant statement correctly identified from the source. Note: candidates may paraphrase but content must be derived from the bullet point statements above.
1(b)[5]
What can we learn from Source B about the death of Tipu Sultan? Target: AO1, AO4
Level 3 (4–5 marks) Supported valid inference(s)
one valid inference supported by a surface feature from source B [4]
additional valid inference(s) supported by surface feature(s) from source B or one valid inference supported by a surface feature from source B and contextual knowledge [5]
Level 2 (2–3 marks) Unsupported valid inference(s)
one unsupported valid inference [2]
additional unsupported valid inference(s) [3]
Level 1 (1 mark) Identifies a surface feature
Any correct surface feature taken from source B [1]
Level 0 (0 marks) No creditable response
Note: an unsupported valid inference can only be credited if it can be inferred directly from the source.
Note: In Levels 1–3 a response that does not refer to source B cannot be credited.
Indicative content
Surface feature
Tipu Sultan is resting on the knee of a soldier
he is surrounded by soldiers
the soldiers are carrying weapons/rifles with bayonets and swords
a soldier is carrying a torch
they are by a stone building/wall
there are different uniforms
there is a second body in the picture
someone, not a soldier, is present clasping his hands
one of the soldiers is holding Tipu Sultan's hand
the soldiers looked shocked/surprised
Valid inference
it was a sad incident
it was a serious/significant incident
Tipu Sultan/his body was respected
it was an unexpected event
it was a brutal death
it was a brave/soldier’s death
Contextual knowledge
the death occurred in Fort Seringapatam
Tipu Sultan died on 4 May 1799
Tipu Sultan was a revered leader, known as a freedom fighter/Tiger of Mysore
with Tipu's death, Mysore came under British control
Other relevant responses should also be credited.
1(c)[7]
Explain how Titu Mir protected the interests of Muslim farmers in the subcontinent in the early nineteenth century.
Target: AO1, AO2
Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.
Indicative content
Titu Mir advocated jihad against ‘non-Islamic actions’
Titu Mir raised awareness of the sufferings of Muslim farmers in West Bengal during 1830s
Titu Mir gave Muslim farmers a cause the fight back at the sufferings they encountered
Titu Mir organised a rebellion against zamindars
Titu Mir advised Muslim farmers to not pay the tax on beards
Titu Mir set up his own fort/commune near Calcutta with a small army Other relevant responses should also be credited.
Level of response, Table 1: used to mark the part (c) question in Section A and part (b) questions in Section B
Target: Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of the past through historical explanation (AO1, AO2)
Level 3 (5–7 marks): Explanation
one explanation [5]
two explanations or one developed explanation [6]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [7]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (2–4 marks): Identification/ description
Identifies and/or describes using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/description)
Level 1 (1 mark): General answer
Valid general comment lacking specific knowledge
Level 0 (0 marks): No creditable response
1(d)[10]
To what extent were Indian rulers able to limit British expansion across the subcontinent between 1760 and 1840? Explain your answer. Target: AO1, AO2
Level 5 (10 marks) Explains with evaluation/ judgement
Explanation at the top of Level 4 with an evaluation/judgement supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 4 (7–9 marks) Explanation of both sides of the issue
one explanation of each side of the issue [7]
two explanations or one developed explanation of one-side of the issue and an explanation of the other side of the issue [8]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) from either side of the issue [9]
Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 3 (4–6 marks) Explanation of one-side of the issue
one explanation [4]
two explanations or one developed explanation [5]
additional explanation(s) and/or developed explanation(s) [6] Supported by relevant and accurate contextual knowledge
Level 2 (2–3 marks) Identification/ description of the issue
Identifies and/or describes the issue using relevant and accurate contextual knowledge (1 mark per identification/ description)
Level 1 (1 mark) General answer
Valid general comment lacking specific subject knowledge
Level 0 (0 marks) No creditable response
Indicative content
May agree that several rulers were able to limit British expansion:
Haidar Ali was undefeated against the British army (defeated the British Bombay army in 1767, broke the siege of Bangalore in 1768, captured Arcot in 1780)
Haidar Ali signed a treaty with the British to end the war in 1769
Tipu Sultan defeated a British army at Kollidam in 1782
in 1784 Tipu Sultan made peace with the British and became the Sultan of Mysore
Tipu Sultan invaded Travancore in 1789 which was a British ally
Ranjit Singh signed agreements with the British in 1806 and 1838
Titu Mir recruited 500 local militiamen to harass the zamindars and the British forces supporting them
Titu Mir built a fort at Narkelbaria to protect himself and his forces against British reprisals
Counter-arguments might include:
Tipu Sultan was defeated by the British at Seringapatam in 1799
resistance to the British from the Marathas disappeared after 1818
Titu Mir was killed in battle in 1831 when his forces were attacked
Titu Mir's fort was destroyed by British cannons
the British had a strong and well-trained army
the British had a good administrative system
the British conquests had seized vast resources, especially in Bengal, battle of Buxar etc.
the death of Ranjit Singh marked the end of effective resistance Other relevant responses should also be credited.

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