Global Perspectives · May / June 2021 · Paper 12 · Question 1

2069

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The question as text

Study Sources 1 to 3.

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Show the answer and mark scheme

1(a)[1]
Main Annotations
1 mark should be awarded for identifying the following:
82 per cent
Further Guidance:
The only acceptable answer is listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(b)[2]
Main Annotations
Candidates may identify the following causes from Source 2:
Technological change.
Increased competition.
More part-time workers.
Lower tax on income.
Reduced levels of welfare.
Unequal access to education.
Workplace discrimination.
1 mark should be awarded for each correctly identified reason up to a maximum of 2 marks.
Further Guidance:
The only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(c)[3]
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates may identify one of the following reasons:
Technological change.
Increased competition.
More part-time workers.
Lower tax on income.
Reduced levels of welfare.
Unequal access to education.
Workplace discrimination.
Candidates may give the following reasons, any of which could be used, to justify their choice:
Has greatest impact.
Affects most people.
Ethically or morally most significant.
Has multiple negative consequences.
Creates a vicious circle.
Affects other aspects of life for people.
Reflects public opinion.
Research findings suggest.
other reasonable response.
Further guidance – candidates are most likely to discuss reasons from the source as listed above. However, the assessment is focused mainly upon their reasoning / justification and therefore additional reasons should be credited.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (3 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned explanation explicitly linked to a reason.
Level 2 (2 marks) Reasonable response
Some explanation; the link between the explanation and a reason may be implicit or unclear at times.
Level 1 (1 mark) Limited response
A reason is identified; there may be some limited explanation, though not necessary for award at this level.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.
1(d)[6]
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates are likely to identify the following reasons drawing upon the information in Sources 1,2 and 3:
Can be a cause of social unrest.
Leaves many people living in poverty.
It is an important moral and ethical issue.
Governments pay for education and training to improve employability skills.
Reducing inequality means increased taxation by governments.
Government policies influence levels of inequality.
Culture affects attitudes to inequality e.g. American dream.
Migration issues.
Governments should try to alleviate suffering due to poverty.
Other reasonable responses.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned, credible and structured explanation of importance; usually two (or more) developed arguments clearly linked to the issue; or three (or more) undeveloped reasons. The national dimension is explicit.
Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response
Some reasoned explanation of importance; usually one (or more) developed argument(s) with some link to the issue but may be implicit at times; or two (or more) undeveloped reasons. The national dimension is implicit at times. Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response
Limited reasoning and explanation; the response is likely to contain only simple, undeveloped and asserted points. Arguments may be tangential, partial, generalised and lack clarity. The national dimension may not be discussed.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.

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