Global Perspectives · May / June 2024 · Paper 11 · Question 1

0457

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The question as text

Study Sources 1 to 3.

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Show the answer and mark scheme

1(a)[1]
According to Source 1, what is the trend in women working in paid employment?
Main Annotations
Candidates should identify the following answer:
Rising; going up; increasing; or similar
1 mark should be awarded for identifying the above.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answer is listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(b)[2]
From Source 2, identify two reasons for gender inequality at work. Main Annotations
Candidates should identify the following reasons from Source 2:
women spend much more time than men caring for children and the family
many cultures encourage differences in gender roles within the family
men have more senior positions in the workplace and control recruitment
women do not have access to the same educational opportunities as men
pregnancy and childbirth affect women’s health and availability for work
childcare provision in the community is limited and expensive
few laws to promote and protect women’s rights at work
1 mark should be awarded for each correct answer up to a maximum of two marks.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(c)[3]
Which reason for gender inequality at work do you think is the most significant? Explain why.
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates may identify one of the following reasons:
Women spend much more time than men caring for children and family
Many cultures encourage differences in gender roles within the family
Men have more senior positions in the workplace and control recruitment
Women do not have access to the same educational opportunities as men
Pregnancy and childbirth affect women’s health and availability for work
Childcare provision in the community is limited and expensive
Few laws to promote and protect women’s rights at work
Candidates may give the following reasons, any of which could be used, to justify their choice:
Has greatest impact.
Affects most people.
Ethically or morally most significant.
Has multiple positive consequences.
Creates a virtuous circle.
Affects other aspects of life in society.
Reflects public opinion.
Reflects worker or employer opinion
Reflects government opinion.
Other reasonable response.
Further guidance – candidates are most likely to discuss benefits from the source as listed above. However, the assessment is focused mainly upon their reasoning / justification and therefore alternative benefits should be credited.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks:
Level 3 (3 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned explanation explicitly linked to a reason.
Level 2 (2 marks) Reasonable response
Some explanation. The link between the explanation and a reason may be implicit/ unclear at times.
Level 1 (1 mark) Limited response
A reason is identified. There may be some limited explanation, but not necessary to enter this level.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.
1(d)[6]
Explain why gender inequality at work is a significant issue for employers.
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates are likely to identify the following issues drawing upon the information in Sources 1 to 3:
Inequality is not right and morally incorrect
Reduces profitability
Reduces efficiency
Prevents women from getting work
Reduces access to skilled workers for employers
Enables businesses to find more customers
Provides new business opportunities
Reduces women’s work opportunities
Other reasonable response
The following levels of response should be used to award marks:
Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned, credible explanation; clearly linked to the issue.
The employer/employee dimension is consistently explicit.
Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response
Some reasoned explanation: with some link to the issue but may be implicit at times.
The employer/employee dimension is implicit at times.
Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response
Limited reasoning and explanation. Arguments are partial, generalised and lack clarity. Answers at this level may copy/repeat source material without interpretation or understanding.
The employer/employee dimension is implicit or not present.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.

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