Global Perspectives · Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 12 · Question 1
0457
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Study Sources 1 to 3.
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1(a)[1]
From Source 1, identify how many megacities there will be in the world by 2030.
Main Annotations
Candidates should identify the following from Source 1:
431 mark should be awarded for identifying the above.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answer is listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(b)[2]
From Source 2, identify two benefits of living in a city.
Main Annotations
Candidates may identify the following from source 2:
Better healthcareMore educational opportunitiesBetter employment opportunitiesGreater diversityBetter public transportMore leisure and cultural activities.1 mark should be awarded for each correctly identified benefit.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(c)[3]
Which benefit of living in a city do you think is most significant? Explain why.
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates may identify one of the following:
Better healthcareMore educational opportunitiesBetter employment opportunitiesGreater diversityBetter public transportMore leisure and cultural activitiesCandidates may give the following reasons, any of which could be used, to justify their choice:
has greatest impactaffects most peopleethically or morally most justifiablehas multiple positive consequencescreates spiral of virtueother reasonable responseFurther guidance – candidates are most likely to discuss benefits from the source as listed above. However, the assessment is focused mainly upon their reasoning / justification and therefore additional benefits should be credited.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks:
Level 3 (3 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned explanation explicitly linked to a benefit.
Level 2 (2 marks) Reasonable response
Some explanation. The link between the explanation and a reason may be implicit / unclear at times.
Level 1 (1 mark) Limited response
A reason is identified. There may be some limited explanation.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.
1(d)[6]
Explain why increased migration to cities is an important national issue. Main Annotations
Indicative Content
Candidates are likely to discuss the following reasons drawing upon the information in Sources 1 and 2:
More crimeLarger gap between rich and poorMore air and noise pollution and the effect on the climate worldwideIncreased numbers of poor housing may mean more diseasesOvercrowdingHigher demand on health and education servicesHigher living cost may affect the economyImpact on rural areas that migrants are leavingThe following levels of response should be used to award marks:
Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned, credible explanation; clearly linked to the issue.
The national dimension is consistently explicit.
Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response
Some reasoned explanation: with some link to the issue but may be implicit at times.
The national dimension is implicit at times.
Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response
Limited reasoning and explanation; the response is likely to contain only simple, undeveloped and asserted points. Arguments are partial, generalised and lack clarity.
The national dimension is implicit or not apparent.
Answers at this level may repeat source material with little understanding. Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.
‘The growth of cities is damaging the environment.’
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