Global Perspectives · May / June 2023 · Paper 11 · Question 1

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Study Sources 1 to 3.

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1(a)[1]
From Source 1, identify the trend in the number of people in the world without access to electricity.
Main Annotations
Candidates should identify the following trend from Source 1:
Decreasing or going down or similar.
1 mark should be awarded for identifying the above.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answer is listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(b)[2]
From Source 2, identify two consequences of energy poverty. Main Annotations
Candidates may identify the following consequences from source 2:
Cooking with fire causes indoor air pollution and disease.
Living is harder without cold food storage, washing machines and light at night.
Heating with firewood causes deforestation and environmental damage.
Communication and entertainment with computers and television is impossible.
Teaching and learning activities are limited without electricity.
Economic development is much slower.
1 mark should be awarded for each correctly identified benefit.
Further guidance – the only acceptable answers are listed above. However, candidates may use their own words.
1(c)[3]
Which consequence of energy poverty do you think is the most significant? Explain why.
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates may identify one of the following consequences:
Cooking with fire causes indoor air pollution and disease.
Living is harder without cold food storage, washing machines and light at night.
Heating with firewood causes deforestation and environmental damage.
Communication and entertainment with computers and television is impossible.
Teaching and learning activities are limited without electricity.
Economic development is much slower.
Candidates may give the following reasons, any of which could be used, to justify their choice:
has greatest impact locally, nationally or globally
affects most people
ethically or morally most problematic
has multiple negative consequences
creates spiral of problems
other reasonable response.
Further guidance – candidates are most likely to discuss consequences from Source 2 as listed above. However, the assessment is focused mainly upon their reasoning / justification and therefore additional benefits should be credited.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks: Level 3 (3 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned explanation explicitly linked to a benefit.
Level 2 (2 marks) Reasonable response
Some explanation. The link between the explanation and a benefit may be implicit / unclear at times.
Level 1 (1 mark) Limited response
A benefit is identified. There may be some limited explanation.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.
1(d)[6]
Explain why energy poverty is an important personal issue.
Main Annotations
Indicative content
Candidates are likely to identify the following reasons:
it affects people individually e.g. health; access to education
affects the family and neighbourhood
spoils the local environment
makes life harder
prevents access to modern technology e.g. computers and social media
getting a job is more difficult as the local economy is affected negatively
other reasonable response.
The following levels of response should be used to award marks. Level 3 (5–6 marks) Good response
Clearly reasoned, credible and structured explanation; usually two (or more) developed arguments clearly linked to the issue; or three (or more) undeveloped reasons. The personal dimension is explicit.
Level 2 (3–4 marks) Reasonable response
Some reasoned explanation; usually one (or more) developed argument(s) with some link to the issue, but may be implicit at times; or two (or more) undeveloped reasons. The personal dimension is implicit at times. Level 1 (1–2 marks) Limited response
Limited reasoning and explanation; the response is likely to contain only simple, undeveloped and asserted points. Arguments are partial, generalised and lack clarity. The personal dimension is implicit or not apparent.
Level 0 (0 marks)
No relevant response or creditworthy material.

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