Computer Science · May / June 2016 · Paper 12 · Question 8

1 mark for correct lines from each type of software NOTE: all statements that are correct must be connected to the correct type of software for the mark to be awarded Statement Type of software Users have the freedom to pass on the software to friends and family as they wish. Free software Users can download this software free of charge, but they cannot modify the source code in any way. Users are allowed to try out the software for a trial period only before being charged. Freeware Users can study the software source code and modify it, where necessary, to meet their own needs, without breaking copyright laws. Shareware Users can obtain a free trial version of the software, but this often does not contain all the features of the full version. [3]

Any three from:

– That we should follow Copyright laws/intellectual property rights/work should not be stolen/plagiarised – That we should follow Data Protection laws – That we should not create or distribute malware//description of malware – That we should not hack/crack other computers//description of hacking – That we should protect our own computers against malware/hacking – That we should consider privacy issues (when using social networking) – That we consider anonymity issues (when using social networking) – That we should consider environmental impacts when using computers – Loss/creation of jobs from use of computers/robotics – We should follow codes of practice (for creation of code e.g. ACM/IEEE) [3]

2 marks for each term described Viruses: – program/software/file that replicates (copies) itself – intends to delete or corrupt files//fill up hard disk space Pharming: – malicious code stored on a computer/web server – redirects user to fake website to steal user data Spyware: – monitors and relays user activity e.g. key presses//key logging software – user activity/key presses can be analysed to find sensitive data e.g. passwords [6]

Any three from:

– examines/monitors traffic to and from a user’s computer and a network/Internet – checks whether incoming and outgoing traffic meets a given set of criteria/rules – firewall blocks/filters traffic that doesn’t meet the criteria/rules – logs all incoming and outgoing traffic – can prevent viruses or hackers gaining access – blocks/filters access to specified IP addresses/websites – warns users of attempts by software (in their computer) trying to access external data sources (e.g. updating of software) etc. // warns of attempted unauthorised access to the system [3]