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Computer Science · May / June 2025 · Paper 12 · Question 5

0478

As printed in the paper

The question as text

A hospital has computers and technology that it uses when caring for its patients.

Read automatically from the paper; the printed page above is exact.

Show the answer and mark scheme

  • 5(a)[3]

    Three from:

    The inference engine is used …
    … to decide which questions to ask the user …
    … based on the previous data input.
    Symptoms input are located in/compared to knowledge base.
    … then applies the rule base to the knowledge base (to decide the diagnosis)

  • 5(b)(i)[2]

    Any two from:

    Examples:

    Sensors
    Microprocessors
    Actuators

  • 5(b)(ii)[4]

    Any four from:

    Examples:

    a doctor doesn’t need to travel to the hospital to do the surgery.
    … so it can be done by any specialist/doctor in the world.
    … so it can be done immediately without needing to wait for travel time // reduces the waiting time for the patient.
    … so the doctor may be better at the surgery as they won’t be tired from travel.
    … so travel costs are saved.
    Surgery with robots enhances precision/accuracy.
    … so a smaller incision can be made.
    … so the recovery time may be shorter.
    … as the components used to enter the body can be much smaller than a human hand.
    … so the surgery is safer/ more hygienic // by example e.g. can stop the doctor needing to be near an infectious patient.
    The surgery may have a higher rate of success

  • 5(b)(iii)[2]

    Two from (one for a point and one for the matching expansion):

    Examples:

    The internet connection could be lost/delayed …
    … so the surgery may not be able to continue.
    The robot will be expensive to buy/maintain …
    … this money could have been spent on other causes.
    The robot could be hacked ….
    … and endanger the patient’s life.
    Data could be corrupted in transmission …
    … changing the nature of the instruction for the robot.
    The robot’s hardware could malfunction …
    … so the surgery cannot continue

  • 5(c)(i)[6]

    One mark for each correct part of the diagram.

    The diagram:

    Web browser identified as software used to send URL/requests or receives IP address/web page data
    URL/domain sent to DNS
    DNS searches for matching IP address
    If not found sent to another DNS
    IP address sent from DNS to patient’s computer
    Request sent from patient’s computer to web server (for web page)
    Web page/HTML data sent from web server to patient’s computer

    If URL not

    searches for

    found, sent to

    matching IP

    another DNS

    DNS

    DNS

    URL

    1

    2

    Patient’s

    IP address

    computer

    www.cihospital.com

    Request

    Web page

    data

    Web server

    URL input into

    patient’s computer

  • 5(c)(ii)[6]

    Any six from:

    Encrypted connection established …
    … using asymmetric encryption
    … to make any data sent meaningless
    The web browser asks the web server to identify itself.
    … by sending its digital certificate.
    The digital certificate is authenticated/validated by the web browser.
    If the certificate is authenticated/valid, the connection is secure/the transaction can begin.
    If the certificate is not authenticated/invalid, the connection is not secure/the transaction is cancelled/rejected/user is notified
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