Chemistry · May / June 2023 · Paper 61 · Question 1
0620
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The question as text
Ethanol can be made by fermentation of sugars found in plants. A by-product of fermentation is carbon dioxide gas. A student made some ethanol using the following method. step 1 Cut up some sugar cane and crush it. step 2 Add hot water to the sugar cane and stir to dissolve the sugar in the sugar cane. step 3 Remove the solids from the mixture to obtain sugar solution. step 4 Let the sugar solution cool and then add yeast. step 5 Place the mixture obtained in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.1. step 6 Leave the apparatus until fermentation is complete. limewater sugar solution and yeast A Fig. 1.1
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1(a)[1]
(conical) flask
1(b)[1]
(the sugars) dissolve fast(er)
1(c)[2]
M1 filtration
M2 minimum is a diagram to show a filter funnel lined with filter paper:
1(d)[1]
fermentation occurs between 25 °C and 35 °C / enzymes denatured (at high temperatures)
1(e)[1]
turns (from colourless to) milky
1(f)[1]
(there are) no more bubbles (in limewater)
1(g)[1]
(fractional) distillation
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