Biology · Oct / Nov 2024 · Paper 42 · Question 3

A blood / plasma ;

C urine ;

any five from:

1

no / 0 mg, protein in (fluids) B or C

/ protein only in (fluid) A ;

2

ref. to filtration ;

3

idea that protein (molecules) too large to enter the nephron ;

4

No / 0mg, glucose in, (fluid) C / urine ;

5

(all) glucose is reabsorbed in the nephron ;

6

increased percentage of, water / urea / ions, in (fluid) C (compared to fluids A and B) ;

7

(only) some, water / ions, (re)absorbed in B or only excess, water / ions, transferred to (fluid) C ; 8

all urea passes to C ;

any six from:

1

ref. to, negative feedback / homeostasis ;

2

a change / increase / decrease, in blood glucose concentration is detected by the pancreas ;

3

pancreas produces / secretes, insulin / glucagon ; 4

insulin, decreases blood glucose concentration ; 5

insulin, stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen ; 6

idea that conversion occurs in the liver / glycogen stored in liver ;

7

Insulin promotes (cellular) respiration ;

8

glucagon, increases blood glucose concentration ; 9

glucagon, stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose ;

(random) change in base sequence ;

of DNA ;

any three from:

insulin, pump / injections ;

monitor glucose concentration of the blood or urine ; idea of control of carbohydrate intake ;

exercise (after eating) ;

AVP ;