Biology · Oct / Nov 2023 · Paper 41 · Question 5
0610
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Fig. 5.1 shows the changes in the percentage of the total global fish stocks that are overfished and those that are sustainable. 0 20 40 60 80 10 30 50 70 90 percentage of the total global fish stocks 100 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 year Key overfished sustainable 2005 2010 2015 2020 Fig. 5.1
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5(a)(i)[1]
66 (%) ;
5(a)(ii)[1]
1985 to 1990 ;
5(b)[3]
any three from:
reduction in genetic variation / reduced gene pool ;
inbreeding ;
idea of an increase in the frequency of recessive alleles ;
(described) consequence of having too many recessive alleles ; risk of extinction ;
idea of unable to find mates / AW ;
AVP ;
5(c)[6]
any six from:
1
education / awareness ;
2
monitoring the populations ;
3
ref. to net type ;
4
ref. to mesh size ;
5
reduced demand (to eat from unsustainable fish stocks) ;
6
alternative sources of fish ;
7
treaties / licenses / fines / laws / making it illegal ;
8
(legal) quotas / restricted catch weight ;
9
no-catch zones / nursery zones / protected areas / Marine Protected Areas / AW ;
10 fish farms ;
11 closed fishing season / AW ;
12 restocking / captive breeding and release ;
13&14 AVP ;;
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