Biology · Oct / Nov 2022 · Paper 42 · Question 3

three body regions / head and thorax and abdomen / AW ;

three pairs of (jointed) legs / six legs ;

any two from:

1

spray / use, insecticide / pesticide / chemical to kill (aphids) ; 2

grow crop in, glasshouse / protected environment ; 3

use crops that are resistant (to insects / aphids) ;

4

ref. to crops that have been produced by, selective breeding / genetic engineering ;

5

biological control / any example ;

6

avoid monoculture / plant a variety of crops / crop rotation ; 7

7 AVP ;

any two from:

(upper) epidermis ;

xylem ;

palisade (mesophyll / layer) ;

spongy (mesophyll / layer) ;

252 ;

any three from:

1

(carbon dioxide / 14C) enters (leaf), through stoma(ta) / by diffusion ;

2

ref to photosynthesis ;

3

is used to make, glucose / (simple) sugar ;

4

idea of photosynthesis is catalysed by enzyme(s) ; 5

reaction(s) occur in chloroplasts ;

6

glucose / (simple) sugars, converted to sucrose ;

any two from:

buds / root (tips) / tubers / storage

organs / flowers / fruits / seeds / young or growing leaves / shoot (tips) / nectaries ;;

any three from:

1

sucrose is converted to glucose ;

2

(sucrose / glucose / sugars) respired / provide energy ; 3

any plant process that requires energy

e.g. growth / reproduction / flowering / active transport / absorption of ions / cell division / mitosis / metabolism / fruit formation ;

4

stored as, sucrose / starch ;

5

used to make cellulose (for cell walls) ;

6

converted to amino acids (used to make proteins) ; 7

AVP ; e.g. used to make nectar