Biology · Oct / Nov 2022 · Paper 41 · Question 5

any one from:

respiration ;

decomposition ;

volcanic eruptions ;

release of carbon dioxide from oceans (ocean-atmosphere exchange) ;

methane / AVP ;

any three from:

1

(total) number of fires in natural ecosystems is higher than (total) number of fires in managed land

or

idea that the savannah (alone) has more fires than the (total) fires in managed land ;

2

fires on managed land, have a lower expansion rate / spread more slowly (than other fires) ;

3

fires on managed land, have a shorter duration / last less time (than other fires) ;

4

more fires on land being deforested than in natural forest ; 5

comparative data quote (with units at least once) ; 6

AVP ;

multiply ;

number of fires by expansion rate by duration (for each row) ;

any three from:

1

reduction in population sizes of organisms ;

2

organisms / animals / plants, become endangered ; 3

organisms / animals / plants, become extinct ;

4

loss of biodiversity ;

5

loss of genetic diversity ;

6

ref. to negative effect on, food chains / food webs ; 7

ref. to negative effect on, nutrient / water, cycling ; 8

AVP ;