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Biology · May / June 2020 · Paper 41 · Question 1

0610

As printed in the paper

The question as text

The gas exchange system is one of the organ systems of the human body. Fig. 1.1 shows parts of the gas exchange system during breathing in and breathing out. breathing in breathing out intercostal muscles sternum diaphragm vertebrae Fig. 1.1

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  • 1(a)[4]

    one mark for each column:

    intercostal muscles

    diaphragm

    pressure change in the thorax

    internal

    external

    breathing in

    contract

    relax

    contract

    decreases (A increases)

    breathing out

    relax

    contract / relax

    relax

    increases (A decreases)

    ;;;;

  • 1(b)[2]

    any two from:

    thin / short distance (for diffusion) ;

    well supplied by blood / surrounded by capillaries / AW ;

    good ventilation with air ;

  • 1(c)(i)[2]

    a group of cells with similar structures ;

    working together to perform a shared function ;

  • 1(c)(ii)[2]

    any two from:

    forms incomplete rings around, trachea / bronchi ;

    keeps (named) airways open ;

    reduces resistance to movement of air ;

    protects (named) airways ;

    sound production in larynx ;

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